Pick either one of these essay questions. NOT BOTH just ONE!
1) Compare and contrast the ideas of the Enlightenment philosophes, Adam Smith and Jean-Jacques
Rousseau, concerning the individual as the vital component of progress and social reform. What
is the relationship between the individual and social change in the ideas of Smith versus
Rousseau?
2) Although the Thirty Years War was the culmination of over a century of religious conflict in
Europe, for several of the parties involved, state interests outweighed religious considerations.
Discuss how the Thirty Years War and its consequences represented a shift in European politics.
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