Reflect on and discuss “the problem of abstraction” perceived among Chinese modernist artists during the 2nd wave of modernism in 50s and 60s? Please construct your argument based on at least three artists listed below utilizing assigned readings (on individual artist), their art works, as well as their own theories.

Taiwan: Chu Ko, Liu Guosong

Hong Kong: Lui Shou-Kwan (Lu Shoukuan)

The Returned Expatriate: Wu Guanzhong

Ps. Clarke’s article below can be extremely helpful as references. Make sure you do a close reading before composing your response.

*** David Clarke, "Abstraction and Modern Chinese Art," in Chinese Art and Its Encounter with the World, pp: 133-164.