Heat Capacity of Gases Lab Summary

 

This is two page paper single space with 3 references using ACS style. 

The paper contains two sections that are Introduction and Methods. 

Please read Rubric for the expectation and Lab Report for what to write about this paper.

Please watch the videos to learn information about this report.

o   Introduction and Equipartition

Link #1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycYtmED5jBA

o   Partition Function

Link #2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNGE4ZYWazw

o   Experiment Overview

Link #3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwu591q64yw

Only write First Part of experiment which is measuring the Speed of Sound then probe when equipartition works and fails. Don’t write Calorimetry procedure.

 

Rubric

 

Introduction:

This section will include 3 main paragraphs. (2 references in ACS style)

·      First paragraph, on the scientific theories that are essential to the experiment, states

o   What the scientific problem is. State the issue investigated by the experiment

o   Why is it a problem?

o   What are the solutions?

·      Second paragraph will discuss relevant background information

·      Third paragraph will be the objective/purpose of the experiment and a brief summary procedure of the experiment on how the purpose will be achieve

 

Note: Concisely but clearly describes the scientific problem and provides the necessary background for context. The purpose/objective(s) of the work must also be stated as well as an overview of the experiment that demonstrates how the purpose will be achieved.

 

 

Methods

In this section, you need to write the procedure in paragraph form rather than in bulleted, our outline form. You will use complete sentences. Write the procedure in enough detail so that someone outside of the class can pick up your formal report and perform the experiment using your procedure. Break the procedure into sections.

DO NOT write step by step!

DO NOT use pronoun (My, me, our, we etc.)

Write the procedure in PAST TENSE!

 

Note: Summarizes the procedure (including critical details for success) so an equivalent experiment could be reproduced.  Includes insight into why certain procedural choices were made.  Provides a background on the techniques, presents equations and how the results will be analysed/interpreted.

 

 

References

Note: References are appropriately documented and properly cited in the text. ACS style.

 

 

 

 

Lab Report

 

Introduction:

·      First paragraph: (what are the problems, why are they a problem, what are the solutions)

o   The scientific problems of this experiment is Global warming

o   Why is it a problem and what is the solution? (Please write information related to the experiment answer these questions)

Example: Please use the idea of an example below and rewrite it for the paper.

Global warming is one of the environmental issues that many scientists are eager to find a way to mitigate. Global warming is a well-known idea that it is caused from the heat trap by greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide, in which it absorbs energy from IR radiation that comes from the sun. The amount of heat energy greenhouse gasses absorb is limited to their heat capacity, which allows us to know how much heat they absorb.

 

·      Second paragraph: Background information

o   Background of equipartition theory.

(Please talk about Degree of Freedom have different energy gaps between states. Don’t talk about when the theory fails because that information will be discus in Discussion part, and we don’t write that part here. But write some information that someone can use to probe in Discussion about when the theory fails)

o   Relationship of Speed of Sound and Heat Capacity. Include equation: gamma=Mv^2/RT

o   Briefly introduce how the machine works 

(Link #3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwu591q64yw from minute 1:30 to 3:30)

 

 

·      Third paragraph: (purpose and how to achieve)

o   Therefore, there are two purposes of the experiment. One is to understand how the equipartition theory relates to heat capacity of gases and when the theory is no longer applicable. For the first purpose, the heat capacity of Argon gas and Nitrogen gas will be determined by measuring the speed of sound of these gases. Using the Knudt tube to measure the wavelength at certain frequency, using equations to find heat capacity, equations use

–       λ= 2*deltaX

–       v=λ*f

–       γ = (Mv^2)/(RT)

–       Cv = R/(γ-1)

 

o   Two is to predict and compare the heat capacity of CO2 gas to other diatomic gases. For second purpose, the heat capacity of CO2 gas will be measure as function of temperature. The procedure to measure heat capacity of CO2 gas is the same as measuring Argon and Nitrogen gases but with different temperatures.

 

Methods / Procedures: This section has 2 paragraphs.  

 

1. Watch the video, read the PDF file, then write procedure for this First paragraph. Please also edit/explain the Figures I added below and refer to the Figure when writing Step 4 of PDF file.

·      First paragraph writing about Measuring the Speed of sound then calculates the Heat Capacity of gas

o   Link #3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwu591q64yw

Only write First Part of experiment which is measuring the Speed of Sound. Don’t write Calorimetry procedure.

 

o   See Procedure_HeatCapacityofGases.pdf for details of how the lab was performed.

Write Procedure (Day 1) for First Paragraph. 

 

 

Figure 1: the oscilloscope trace was symmetric ellipse on the left, and when the straight-line crossed.

 

 

 

2. Watch the video, read the PDF file, then write procedure for this Second paragraph. 

·      Second paragraph writing the about Measuring Heat Capacity as function of Temperature

o   Link #2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNGE4ZYWazw

Focus from minute 9:50 to the end. 

o   See Procedure_HeatCapacityofGases.pdf for details of how the lab was performed.

Write Procedure (Day 2) for Second Paragraph. Note: RT is room temperature, LT is low temperature, HT is hot temperature.

 

References:

Note: 3 references are appropriately documented and properly cited in the text. ACS style.

 

o   You can cite 1 reference using information of the links provided for this paper.

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