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1. Introduction The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a widely used behavioral screening tool for children and adolescents aged 2–17 years. Developed by Robert Goodman (1997) in the UK, it is designed to assess both positive attributes (strengths) and negative attributes (difficulties). The SDQ is brief (25 items) and available in multiple versions for…
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The NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Scales 1. Introduction The NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Scales are standardized tools developed by the National Institute for Children’s Health Quality (NICHQ). They are widely used to screen, diagnose, and monitor Attention‑Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 6–12 years, though they can be applied to other age groups with caution. The scales…
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1. Introduction Kaplan‑Meier curves, life tables, and log‑rank tests are fundamental tools in survival analysis. They allow visualization and comparison of survival probabilities across groups. 2. Kaplan‑Meier Curve Definition: Non‑parametric estimator of survival function. Method: Calculates probability of survival at each event time. Steps: Order survival times. Calculate survival probability at each event. Plot stepwise…
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1. Introduction Survival analysis can be applied to migraine research to evaluate time until events such as recurrence, remission, or treatment response. This approach helps clinicians understand treatment efficacy and patient outcomes over time. 2. Research Context Event of Interest: Migraine recurrence, remission, or onset of chronic migraine. Population: Patients diagnosed with episodic or chronic…
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1. Introduction Survival analysis is a statistical method used to analyze time‑to‑event data, where the outcome is the time until a specific event occurs (e.g., death, relapse, recovery). Preparation for survival analysis involves careful planning, data collection, and methodological considerations to ensure valid and interpretable results. 2. Key Concepts Event: The outcome of interest (e.g.,…
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1. Introduction The toddler stage (ages 1–3 years) is a critical period of rapid growth in physical, cognitive, emotional, and social domains. A well‑designed toddler room, such as The Little Explorer’s Toddler Room, provides a safe, stimulating, and nurturing environment where children can explore, learn, and develop independence. This space is not just a classroom—it…
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1. Introduction An AOS Portfolio Assignment (Area of Specialization Portfolio) is a structured academic and professional exercise designed to help students demonstrate mastery of their chosen field of study. It integrates coursework, applied projects, reflective writing, and theoretical analysis into a single document or presentation. The portfolio serves as both a learning tool and a…
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1. Introduction A personal philosophy of nursing practice is a reflective statement that articulates the values, beliefs, and principles guiding a nurse’s professional actions. It integrates personal convictions with professional standards, shaping how nurses interact with patients, families, communities, and colleagues. A well-developed philosophy ensures that practice is consistent, ethical, and aligned with broader healthcare…
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1. Introduction The SOAP note (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) is a structured documentation format widely used in healthcare to record patient encounters. A focused SOAP note zeroes in on a specific complaint or problem rather than covering the entire health history. It is essential for clear communication among providers, continuity of care, and legal documentation.…
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S – Subjective Chief Complaint (CC): “I feel sad all the time and have no energy to do anything.” History of Present Illness (HPI): Patient reports persistent low mood, loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating for the past 6 weeks. Symptoms are present nearly every day, lasting most of the…